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Dog · Set · Thoracic limb

The carpal bones

Ossa carpi

Seven short bones in two rows between the forearm and the metacarpus. Three of them are large enough and odd enough to be learnt by name and have their own pages; these four make up the distal row.

Region
Thoracic limb
Members
7
Own page
3

How they differ along the set

What changes from one end of the series to the other, which is most of what there is to know about any one of them.

  • The carpal bones lie in a proximal and a distal row.Miller 2020, p. 325
  • The proximal row is the intermedioradial, the ulnar and the accessory carpal bones.Miller 2020, p. 325
  • The distal row is the first, second, third and fourth carpal bones.Miller 2020, p. 325
  • Set together they give the carpus a back that is convex across and a palmar face that is hollow.Miller 2020, p. 325
  • The intermedioradial is the largest of them, the radial, central and intermediate elements fused into one; its upper surface is largely for the radius and its lower surface meets all four bones of the distal row.Miller 2020, p. 325
  • The ulnar carpal is the lateral bone of the proximal row, shaped much like the intermedioradial but smaller.Miller 2020, p. 325
  • The accessory carpal is a truncated rod on the palmar side of the ulnar carpal, enlarged at both ends.Miller 2020, p. 325
  • The base of the second metacarpal reaches up to the first, second and third carpals; the third metacarpal meets the third and fourth; the fourth and fifth metacarpals meet the fourth carpal.Miller 2020, p. 328
  • The word carpus also names the compound joint these bones form, and the region between forearm and metacarpus.Miller 2020, p. 325

The members

In order along the set. Any one of them can be singled out in the model above, with the picker beneath it. The ones that are taught by name have a page of their own.

  • Intermedioradial carpal boneOs carpi intermedioradialeLargest carpal; proximal row, medial; articulates with radiusOwn page
  • Ulnar carpal boneOs carpi ulnareProximal row, lateral; articulates with ulnaOwn page
  • Accessory carpal boneOs carpi accessoriumProjects palmarly from the lateral carpus; insertion of M. flexor carpi ulnarisOwn page
  • Carpal bone IOs carpale IDistal row, most medial; articulates with metacarpal I
  • Second carpal boneOs carpale IIDistal row; articulates with metacarpal II
  • Third carpal boneOs carpale IIIDistal row; articulates with metacarpal III
  • Fourth carpal boneOs carpale IVDistal row, largest of the row, lateral; articulates with metacarpals IV and V

References

Where to read this set in full, and where everything above was read.

  • Miller 2020Miller 2020, ch. 4 The Skeleton, Carpus, PDF p. 324-326
  • König & Liebich 2020skeleton of the thoracic limb, p. 171-184
  • Dyce 2017ch. 16 Forelimb of the Dog and Cat, p. 464 (clavicle p. 69)
  • NAV 2017Osteologia